Relationship between DXA measured systemic bone mineral density and subchondral bone cysts in postmenopausal female patients with knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional study : Osteoarthritis cysts and bone mineral density.

BACKGROUND: Individuals with high systemic bone mineral density (BMD) may have an increased risk of incident knee osteoarthritis (OA). Besides that, radiographic osteophytes are strongly associated with BMD. Because of these reasons, the aim of the study was to investigate the possible association between radiological subchondral bone cyst (SBC) grade and systemic BMD and vitamin D status in the postmenopausal female patients with knee OA in a crosss-sectional study. METHODS: This study included of 48 osteoporosis treatment-free postmenopausal patients diagnosed with symptomatic medial compartment knee OA. BMD analysis was performed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and serum vitamin D levels were measured after recording patients' findings. Each knee was scanned using computed tomography (CT), and categorical SBC scores were graded for the medial and lateral tibiofemoral (TF) and patellofemoral (PF) compartments and further calculated as compartmental total, total TF and grand total of both TF compartments. SBC scores were analysed with correlation analysis. RESULTS: The patient population was characterized by radiographic joint space narrowing, obesity and low vitamin D status. Median medial total and grand total TF SBC scores were significantly different between the patient groups according to the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) radiographic grading (p = 0.006 and p = 0.007, respectively). There were no correlations between femoral BMD values and SBC scores. However, positive correlations were detected significantly between L1 - 4 DXA values and TF SBC scores, but not with PF SBC scores (p = 0.005 for the correlation between L1 - 4 BMD and medial compartments total TF SBC score, p = 0.021 for the correlation between L1 - 4 BMD and grand total TF SBC score). No significant correlations were found with Vitamin D levels. CONCLUSIONS: Development of TF OA high-grade SBCs may be linked to systemic bone mass as represented by trabecular bone-rich lumbar vertebrae. The relationship might point to the importance of bone stiffness as an acting factor in knee OA possibly with mechanical energy transfer to the joint.

Multiple spinal extradural cysts causing progressive paraparesia: case report and review of literature / Cistos espinhais extradurais múltiplos causando paraparesia progressiva: relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Multiple meningeal extradural cysts are extremely rare. The clinical presentation varies from asymptomatic patients to important symptoms due to spinal cord compression. This article reports the case of a girl with multiple meningeal extradural cysts with progressive paraparesis and hypoesthesia on inferior limbs. The MRI showed multiple extradural cysts between C7 and L1. A partial resection was made at the cystis, reflecting a improve at the postoperative follow up of the patient. The management of asymptomatic cases is usually followed up clinical and radiologically. At the management of the symptomatic cases, the resection of the cysts is the most indicated treatment, even for patients with a long-standing history of compression. However the partial removal has as good results as the total one. The authors review the literature and show a subtotal resection of the cysts did not change the evolution of the presentation.

Cistos espinhais extradurais meníngeos múltiplos são extremamente raros. A apresentação clínica varia de pacientes assintomáticos a sintomas importantes devidos à compressão da medula espinhal. Este artigo relata o caso de uma garota com cistos extradurais meníngeos múltiplos com paraparesia progressiva e hipoestesia de membros inferiores. A ressonância magnética mostrou cistos extradurais múltiplos entres C7 e L1. Uma ressecção parcial foi realizada nos cistos, levando à melhora no seguimento pós-operatório da paciente. O tratamento de casos assintomáticos, geralmente, se resume a seguimento clínico e radiológico. Em casos sintomáticos, a ressecção dos cistos é o tratamento mais indicado, mesmo para pacientes com longa história de compressão. Entretanto, a remoção parcial costuma ter bons resultados, semelhante à ressecção total. Os autores revisam a literatura e detalham que uma ressecção parcial dos cistos não mudou o prognóstico da paciente.

Anodoncia parcial relacionada con quiste dentígero y quiste traumático: revisión de la literatura y presentación de un caso / Partial anodontia related with dentigerous cyst and traumatic cyst: a review of the literature and report of a case

La anodoncia parcial es una anomalía de número caracterizada por la ausencia congénita de dientes, principalmente permanentes. Se ha designado con otros tgérminos, como agenesia dental, oligodoncia e hipodoncia. Se presenta el caso de una niña afectada por esta enfermedad, teniendo en cuenta que es un caso aislado sin otros rasgos de patología genética sindromática y que a la vez estaba relacionado con dos patologías: quiste traumático y quiste dentígero. Se planificó tratamiento combinado: quirúrgico y toma de muestra para estudio histopatológico, ortodoncia y prótesis. Se planearon evaluaciones periódicas.

Cisto ósseo simples determinando encurtamento de úmero: apresentaçäo de um caso / Simple bone cyst causing shortening of the humerus: report of a case

Apresenta-se um caso de cisto ósseo juvenil que ocorreu no 1/3 superior do úmero de uma paciente de 8 anos de idade. Foi tratado conservadoramente por 19 meses, sem resultado satisfatório. Injetou-se corticóide (Depo-Medrol), melhorando. O resultado, 5 anos e 8 meses de evoluçäo, foi o encurtamento do úmero em 7,0 cm