ABSTRACT Objective Our aim was to describe the distribution of selected
biomarkers according to age and
sex , adjusted for HOMA-IR and
adiposity , in a subset of middle-
aged individuals of Brazilian
Longitudinal Study of
Adult Health -ELSA without
diabetes mellitus or CVD. Subjects and
methods This
cross-sectional study was conducted in 998 participants of the ELSA-Brasil without diabetes and/or
cardiovascular disease . In addition to the traditional
risk factors , several
biomarkers concentrations were compared according to
sex ,
age groups (35-44; 45-54 yrs) and HOMA-IR tertiles.
Linear regression was used to examine independent
associations of
sex and age with selected novel
biomarkers , adjusted for body
adiposity and HOMA-IR. Results Fifty-five percent were
women .
Men had higher mean values of
body mass index ,
waist circumference ,
blood pressure ,
plasma glucose , HOMA-IR, worse
lipid profile and higher
E-selectin and lower
leptin concentrations than
women ; while
women had higher levels of HDL-
cholesterol and
leptin than
men . Mean values of
waist circumference , systolic BP,
plasma glucose and
apolipoprotein B (
Apo B ) increased with age in both sexes.
Leptin and
E-selectin concentrations increased across HOMA-IR tertiles. Independent
associations of
Apo B with age were found only in
male sex , while of
leptin with
body mass index and HOMA-IR, and of
E-selectin with HOMA-IR in both sexes. Conclusions In conclusion, our data indicate age,
sex ,
adiposity and, consequently,
insulin resistance , influence circulating levels of
Apo B ,
leptin and
E-selectin , suggesting that those aspects should be taken into consideration when assessing these
parameters for
research or clinical purposes in individuals at relatively low cardiometabolic
risk .