Prevalencia de hipertensión arterial y factores biopsicosociales asociados, en población adulta de Villa Allende, Córdoba / Prevalence of hypertension and associated biopsychosocial factors, in adult population in Villa Allende, Córdoba

RESUMEN

Objetivo: Determinar prevalencia de HTA y su asociación con factores biopsicosociales, en adultos de Villa Allende, Córdoba. Método: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y correlacional. Visitas domiciliarias con empleo de encuesta estructurada, cuestionarios autoadministrados, medición de Presión Arterial y Perímetro Abdominal. Muestra de 354 personasadultas. Resultados: La prevalencia de HTA fue 30,5%. El 77% de los hipertensos tenía diagnóstico previo y 45% estaba tratado y controlado. Además se observó Tabaquismo 40 %, Sedentarismo 82% y Obesidad Central 38%. Hubo asociación estadísticamente significativa entreHTA y antecedentes familiares, obesidad central, consumo de sal normal, nivel instructivo bajo y ausencia de hábito de fumar. No hubo asociación de HTA con sedentarismo, apoyo social, estrategias de afrontamiento y consumo de alimentos con alto contenido de sodio. Conclusiones: Prevalencia de HTA similar a otros estudios reportados. Alta prevalencia de otros Factores de Riesgo Cardiovasculares. Es necesario implementar medidas quepromocionen el autocuidado de la salud.

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the prevalence of Hypertension and its association with biopsychosocial factors, in adults in Villa Allende, Cordoba. Method: Descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study. Home visits using structured surveys and self-administered questionnaires. Measurement of Blood Pressure and Waist Circumference. Sample 354 adult people. Results: The prevalence of Hypertension was 30.5%. seventy-seven percent of thehypertensive subjects had previous diagnosis and 45% were already treated and controlled. In addition it was observed Tobacco Consumption 40%, Sedentary Lifestyle 82% andCentral Obesity 38%. There was statistically significant association between Hypertension and family history of the disease, central obesity, normal consumption of salt, low level of education and nosmoking habit. Hypertension was not associated with sedentary lifestyle, social support, coping strategies or food consumption with high sodium content. Conclusions: Prevalence of Hypertension was similar to other reported studies. High prevalence of other Cardiovascular Risk Factors. It is necessary to implement measuresto promote self-care.