[Immunohistochemical expression of P53 suppressor genes and retinoblastoma in laryngeal carcinoma]. / Expresión inmunohistoquímica de genes supresores p53 y retinoblastoma en el carcinoma de laringe.

ABSTRACT

Carcinoma of the larynx is responsible for 1% of all tumors and for 25% of oncologic disease of the head and neck. Tumor suppressor genes control cell proliferation by suppressing specific mechanisms that stimulate the proliferative response. Rb and p53, both nuclear, are the most studied tumor suppressor genes. We evaluated the immunoexpression of these markers in 72 carcinomas of the larynx and correlated it with patients' clinical parameters age, sex, occupation, tobacco and alcohol use, marital status, etc. Biological and anatomopathological parameters (tumor stage, histological type, degree of local invasion, and lymph node metastases) also were studied. Statistically significant differences were found in mean immunostaining for the Rb gene with respect to histological grade, lymph node enlargement, and smoking. We observed no positive correlation between p53 and the classic clinical-pathological parameters, although important trends were evident, as well as relatively frequent immunostaining (about 40%) of the total neoplastic population.