[Prevalence of main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and efficacy of long-term multifactoral prophylaxis]. / Rasprostranennost' osnovnykh faktorov riska serdechno-sosudistykh zabolevanii i éffektivnost' mnogoletnei mnogofaktornoi profilaktiki.

AIM: To study prevalence of cardiovascular disease risk factors (CRF) in relation to sex, age, occupation as well as efficiency of active long-term multifactorial prophylaxis in the groups of active intervention (AI) and observation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The comparison group consisted of 1848 male and 1643 female volunteers. 8326 males and 13,116 females entered the group of active intervention and observation. RESULTS: Risk factors correction led to lowering of mean systolic and diastolic arterial pressure, smoking intensity, overweight, to improvement of wellbeing of cardiovascular patients. The number of examinees with several risk factors decreased while those free of risk factors increased. There was also a reduction in the number of days of temporary disability. In AI group total mortality, coronary heart disease and cerebral event mortality fell manifold. CONCLUSION: Five- and ten-year active multifactorial "in-office" prophylaxis decreased frequency and intensity of risk factors. Lowering of cardiovascular disease incidence was associated with a 44.4% decrease in the number of days on sick-leave. The presence of cardiovascular diseases, combination of risk factors in healthy subjects and in cardiovascular patients in the beginning of the study significantly increased total mortality, cardiovascular mortality in comparison and active intervention groups. Active multifactor prophylaxis in persons with risk factors and cardiovascular diseases, especially in combination with risk factors, in the beginning of the study reduced total mortality and mortality of cardiovascular disease in active intervention.