Preclinical tolerance and pharmacokinetic assessment of MU-Gold, a novel chemotherapeutic agent, in laboratory dogs.

ABSTRACT

MU-Gold, tetrakis (trishydroxymethyl) phosphine gold(I) chloride, a novel gold compound, has cytotoxic effects against human androgen-dependent and -independent prostatic, gastric, and colonic carcinoma in cell culture and against malignant lymphoma in rodent models. A pilot study was conducted to evaluate the tolerance and pharmacokinetic properties of MU-Gold in normal dogs in anticipation of clinical trials in cancer-bearing dogs. MU-Gold (10 mg/kg) was administered by i.v. injection to three purpose-bred dogs. Serum was collected from all dogs for measurement of gold levels via atomic absorption spectrometry. In addition, complete blood counts and biochemical profiles were monitored for Dogs 2 and 3 every 7 days for 30 days. A two-compartment i.v. bolus model with first-order kinetics, mean elimination half-life of approximately 40 hours, and mean volume of distribution of 0.6 L/kg was established. Serum gold concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 mcg/ml were sustained for 2 to 3 days with no clinically significant toxicities observed. Based on in vitro results in earlier studies and preliminary pharmacokinetic data collected in the present study, Phase I clinical trials should be conducted to define the optimal dosage, dose-limiting toxicities, and other characteristics of MU-Gold that will be used to design Phase II clinical trials.