Negative inotropic effect of lidocaine in patients with coronary arterial disease and normal subjects.

ABSTRACT

The effect of administration of lidocaine on left ventricular performance was studied using systolic time intervals in nine normal subjects, eight patients with stable angina, and 15 patients with acute myocardial infarction. The greatest response in systolic time intervals occurred at three minutes after intravenous injection of lidocaine (100 mg), with values returning to baseline at 10 to 15 minutes. Administration of lidocaine produced a significant prolongation of the preejection period (PEP) corrected for heart rate in all groups and a prolongation of the ratio of PEP to left ventricular ejection time (PEP/LVET) in patients with angina. The group with acute myocardial infarction exhibited a hyperadrenergic state, as shown by a short baseline QS2I. The QS I was lengthened by administration of lidocaine in all groups, but this was more profound in those with acute myocardial infarction. These changes in systolic time intervals were still present at two hours after injection in six patients with acute myocardial infarction in whom an infusion of lidocaine followed the initial bolus. The effect of administering lidocaine after intravenous injection of propranolol (5 mg) was also studied in six normal subjects. Although propranolol therapy along prolonged the PEP/LVET, a further significant prolongation followed subsequent injection of lidocaine.