Clinical review: Type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmunity: natural history, genetic associations, and screening.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab
; 91(4): 1210-7, 2006 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-16403820
ABSTRACT
CONTEXT Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is associated with autoimmune thyroid disease (AIT), celiac disease (CD), Addison's disease (AD), and other autoimmune diseases. These diseases can occur together in defined syndromes with distinct pathophysiology and characteristics autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome I, autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome II, and the immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome. EVIDENCE ACQUISITION Review of the medical literature was performed with particular attention to the natural history, genetic factors, and syndromes associated with T1D, AIT, CD, and AD. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS:
Genetic risk for these diseases overlaps and includes genes within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) such as the human leukocyte antigens (HLA) DR and DQ alleles and the MHC I-related gene A (MIC-A). Other genes outside of the MHC have been associated with these autoimmune diseases, including the gene encoding the lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase (PTPN22) and the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene.CONCLUSION:
Genetic risk for T1D overlaps with AIT, CD, and AD. Disease risk is associated with organ-specific autoantibodies, which can be used to screen subjects with T1D.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Autoimunes
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Screening_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2006
Tipo de documento:
Article