The impact of ADHD and autism spectrum disorders on temperament, character, and personality development.
Am J Psychiatry
; 163(7): 1239-44, 2006 Jul.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-16816230
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The authors describe personality development and disorders in relation to symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorders.METHOD:
Consecutive adults referred for neuropsychiatric investigation (N=240) were assessed for current and lifetime ADHD and autism spectrum disorders and completed the Temperament and Character Inventory. In a subgroup of subjects (N=174), presence of axis II personality disorders was also assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders (SCID-II).RESULTS:
Patients with ADHD reported high novelty seeking and high harm avoidance. Patients with autism spectrum disorders reported low novelty seeking, low reward dependence, and high harm avoidance. Character scores (self-directedness and cooperativeness) were extremely low among subjects with neuropsychiatric disorders, indicating a high overall prevalence of personality disorders, which was confirmed with the SCID-II. Cluster B personality disorders were more common in subjects with ADHD, while cluster A and C disorders were more common in those with autism spectrum disorders. The overlap between DSM-IV personality disorder categories was high, and they seem less clinically useful in this context.CONCLUSIONS:
ADHD and autism spectrum disorders are associated with specific temperament configurations and an increased risk of personality disorders and deficits in character maturation.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Desenvolvimento da Personalidade
/
Inventário de Personalidade
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Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade
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Transtorno Autístico
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Temperamento
/
Caráter
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Incidence_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Qualitative_research
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2006
Tipo de documento:
Article