Dexamethasone damages the rat stomach but not small intestine during inhibition of COX-1.
Dig Dis Sci
; 52(6): 1452-61, 2007 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-17221297
ABSTRACT
We previously reported that inhibition of both COX-1 and COX-2 is required for the gastrointestinal ulcerogenic properties of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Inhibition of COX-1 up-regulates COX-2 expression, and the prostaglandins (PGs) produced by COX-2 help to maintain the mucosal integrity during inhibition of COX-1. In the present study we investigated whether dexamethasone damages rat gastrointestinal mucosa during inhibition of COX-1 and further developed the idea that COX-2 expression is a key event in the ulcerogenic actions of NSAIDs. Dexamethasone was given p.o. in the absence or presence of SC-560 (a selective COX-1 inhibitor), and the stomach or intestine was examined 8 or 24 hr later, respectively. Neither dexamethasone nor SC-560 alone damaged the gastrointestinal mucosa. In the presence of SC-560, however, dexamethasone damaged the stomach but not small intestine. SC-560 decreased PGE(2) levels in both tissues, with a gradual recovery accompanying the up-regulation of COX-2 expression, and both the recovery of PGE(2) levels and the expression of COX-2 were inhibited by dexamethasone. In the animals treated with SC-560, iNOS expression was up-regulated in the intestinal but not the gastric mucosa, and this response was also inhibited by dexamethasone. These results suggest a risk from steroid therapy in the stomach when COX-2 expression is up-regulated. Dexamethasone does not provoke damage in the intestine, despite inhibiting the up-regulation of COX-2 expression under conditions of PG deficiency; at least one of the reasons is that this agent prevents the expression of iNOS, a major factor in the pathogenesis of intestinal lesions.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pirazóis
/
Estômago
/
Dexametasona
/
Inibidores de Ciclo-Oxigenase
/
Intestino Delgado
/
Anti-Inflamatórios
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2007
Tipo de documento:
Article