Visualizing vitreous using quantum dots as imaging agents.

Vitreous is transparent tissue located between the lens and the retina of the eye, thus, difficult to look at by even ophthalmological microscope. But vitreous is connected with some sight-threatening eye diseases, for example, retinal detachment, macular hole, epi-retinal membrane, and so forth. Quantum dots (QDs) have been applied to a wide range of biological studies by taking advantage of their fluorescence properties. We established a novel technique of aqueous colloidal QD (ACQD) as a vitreous lesion detector. When compared with some conventional dyes used for clinical situation, i.e. fluorescein, indocyanine green, and triamcinolone acetonide, ACQD exerted a higher performance to detect a Weiss Ring. Furthermore ACQD is also effective to perform vitrectomy, an eye surgery to cut and eliminate vitreous. Some functional structures in vitreous are detected clearly when ACQD was injected into an enucleated porcine eye. We demonstrated that ACQD enabled any ophthalmic surgeon to perform vitrectomy reliably, easily, and more safely. Taken together, the ACQD-oriented vitreous staining system will promote ophthalmological science, and it will raise the cure rate of eye diseases.