Unusual combination of paraneoplastic manifestations in a patient with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

ABSTRACT

Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Activating mutations in tyrosine kinase receptors KIT or platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFRA) are the main mechanisms causing the disease. Patients generally present with non-specific symptoms, while a number of tumors are discovered incidentally and may be metastatic at the time of diagnosis. Aggressive GISTs have a defined pattern of metastasis to the liver or throughout the abdomen, or both. Though GISTs rarely present systemic or isolated paraneoplastic reactions, a few cases have been reported in the literature. We present the case of a 54-year-old patient with metastatic GIST at diagnosis and the emergence of paraneoplastic manifestations during follow-up.