WAGR syndrome--a case report.

Congenital anomaly syndrome consisting of Wilms tumor, aniridia, genitourinary malformations and mental retardation (WAGR) is a rare, sporadic genetic disorder characterized by a de novo deletion in the distal band of 11p13 chromosome. The syndrome is usually recognized by sporadic aniridia present at birth, often followed by the development of Wilms tumor in early childhood, but possible at any age. Genetic testing using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the method of choice to detect specific deletions. The multidisciplinary approach in medical treatment not only of the tumor, but of a large variety of clinical features and possible complications is highly demanding and challenging. We report on a boy born with aniridia, cryptorchidism and facial dysmorphism recognized as WAGR syndrome in neonatal period, subsequently confirmed by genetic testing. Wilms tumor developed at the age of one year. Surgical treatment and chemotherapy resulted in complete remission for almost six years now. However, an increased risk of late post-treatment complications and development of de novo tumor in the contralateral kidney is a permanent threat. Therefore, ongoing oncologic follow up along with ophthalmologic and neurologic treatment and psychological support are a lifelong necessity.