Spatial analysis of Leishmania donovani exposure in humans and domestic animals in a recent kala azar focus in Nepal.
Parasitology
; 137(11): 1597-603, 2010 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-20459877
ABSTRACT
SUMMARY:
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a major public health problem in the Indian subcontinent where the Leishmania donovani transmission cycle is described as anthroponotic. However, the role of animals (in particular domestic animals) in the persistence and expansion of VL is still a matter of debate. We combined Direct Agglutination Test (DAT) results in humans and domestic animals with Geographic Information System technology (i.e. extraction maps and scan statistic) to evaluate the exposure to L. donovani on these 2 populations in a recent VL focus in Nepal. A Poisson regression model was used to assess the risk of infection in humans associated with, among other factors, the proportion of DAT-positive animals in the proximities of the household. The serological results showed that both humans and domestic animals were exposed to L. donovani. DAT-positive animals and humans were spatially clustered. The presence of serologically positive goats (IRR=9.71), past VL cases (IRR=2.62) and the proximity to a forest island dividing the study area (IRR=3.67) increased the risk of being DAT-positive in humans. Even if they are not a reservoir, domestic animals, and specially goats, may play a role in the distribution of L. donovani, in particular in this new VL focus.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Leishmania donovani
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Doenças dos Bovinos
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Doenças das Cabras
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Sistemas de Informação Geográfica
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Leishmaniose Visceral
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Animais Domésticos
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Animals
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Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Asia
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2010
Tipo de documento:
Article