Early detection of cytomegalovirus in cell culture by a new monoclonal antibody, CCH2.

ABSTRACT

A CMV monoclonal antibody, CCH2, produced in this laboratory was evaluated for rapid detection of CMV. Two staining procedures, immunofluorescence and an immunoenzymatic technique using biotin-streptavidin peroxidase, were compared. The CCH2 monoclonal antibody was used to demonstrate early CMV antigen in cell culture 24 h after inoculation of 598 urine samples from kidney transplanted patients by indirect immunofluorescence in comparison with virus isolation. One hundred and sixty of the specimens were stained additionally by an immunoenzymatic technique and the results were compared. CMV was isolated from 170 out of 598 specimens within 6 weeks. Early CMV antigen was demonstrated in 114 of these specimens by immunofluorescence giving a sensitivity of 67% and a specificity of 95%. In the comparison with the immunoenzymatic staining procedure the results for all three tests agreed for 81% (130/160) of the specimens. After resolving discordant results into true positives and true negatives, the sensitivity was 87, 85 and 70%, respectively for virus isolation, immunoenzymatic staining and immunofluorescence and the specificity 100, 96 and 99%. The CCH2 monoclonal antibody proved to be useful for rapid detection of CMV in urine specimens and using immunoenzymatic staining with biotin-streptavidin a sensitivity comparable to that of virus isolation was found.