Increased platelet:RBC ratios are associated with improved survival after massive transfusion.
J Trauma
; 71(2 Suppl 3): S318-28, 2011 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21814099
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Several recent military and civilian trauma studies demonstrate that improved outcomes are associated with early and increased use of plasma-based resuscitation strategies. However, outcomes associated with platelet transfusions are poorly characterized. We hypothesized that increased plateletred blood cells (RBC) ratios would decrease hemorrhagic death and improve survival after massive transfusion (MT).METHODS:
A transfusion database of patients transported from the scene to 22 Level I Trauma Centers over 12 months in 2005 to 2006 was reviewed. MT was defined as receiving ≥ 10 RBC units within 24 hours of admission. To mitigate survival bias, 25 patients who died within 60 minutes of arrival were excluded from analysis. Six random donor platelet units were considered equal to a single apheresis platelet unit. Admission and outcome data associated with the low (>120), medium (12), and high (11) plateletRBC ratios were examined. These groups were based on the median value of the tertiles for the ratio of plateletsRBC units.RESULTS:
Two thousand three hundred twelve patients received at least one unit of blood and 643 received an MT. Admission vital signs, INR, temperature, pH, Glasgow Coma Scale, Injury Severity Score, and age were similar between platelet ratio groups. The average admission platelet counts were lower in the patients who received the high plateletRBC ratio versus the low ratio (192 vs. 216, p = 0.03). Patients who received MT were severely injured, with a mean (± standard deviation) Injury Severity Score of 33 ± 16 and received 22 ± 15 RBCs and 11 ± 14 platelets within 24 hours of injury. Increased platelet ratios were associated with improved survival at 24 hours and 30 days (p < 0.001 for both). Truncal hemorrhage as a cause of death was decreased (low 67%, medium 60%, high 47%, p = 0.04). Multiple organ failure mortality was increased (low 7%, medium 16%, high 27%, p = 0.003), but overall 30-day survival was improved (low 52%, medium 57%, high 70%) in the high ratio group (medium vs. high p = 0.008; low vs. high p = 0.007).CONCLUSION:
Similar to recently published military data, transfusion of plateletRBC ratios of 11 was associated with improved early and late survival, decreased hemorrhagic death and a concomitant increase in multiple organ failure-related mortality. Based on this large retrospective study, increased and early use of platelets may be justified, pending the results of prospective randomized transfusion data.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ferimentos e Lesões
/
Transfusão de Sangue
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Hemorragia
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article