Sex chromosome evolution in moths and butterflies.
Chromosome Res
; 20(1): 83-94, 2012 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-22187366
ABSTRACT
Lepidoptera, i.e. moths and butterflies, have a female heterogametic sex chromosome system, with most females having a WZ constitution while males are ZZ. Besides this predominant WZ/ZZ system, Z/ZZ, WZ(1)Z(2)/Z(1)Z(1)Z(2)Z(2) and W(1)W(2)Z/ZZ systems also occur. Sex is determined by an unknown W-linked gene or genes in Bombyx mori, but by dosage-dependent and equally unknown Z-linked genes in all Z/ZZ species. The female heterogametic sex chromosome system has been conserved for at least 180 MY in the phylogenetic branch that combines Lepidoptera and Trichoptera. The W chromosome, which is present in most lepidopteran species, was incorporated in the sex chromosome system much later, about 90-100 MY ago. The Z chromosomes are highly conserved among Lepidoptera, much like the Z in birds or the X in mammals. The W, on the other hand, is evolving rapidly. It is crammed with repetitive elements which appear to have a high turnover rate but poor in or even devoid of protein-coding genes. It has frequently undergone fusion with autosomes or sporadically lost altogether.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cromossomos Sexuais
/
Borboletas
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Evolução Molecular
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Cromossomos de Insetos
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Mariposas
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2012
Tipo de documento:
Article