Ejaculatory duct obstruction: current diagnosis and treatment.

ABSTRACT

Ejaculatory duct obstruction is an infrequent cause of obstructive azoospermia, occurring in up to 5 % of such patients. However, it is potentially correctable and warrants consideration in the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting for infertility evaluation. This review provides an overview of ejaculatory duct obstruction its various etiologies, presentation, and associated clinical assessment. It includes a description of diagnostic imaging and interventional studies available to the practicing urologist and concludes with a discussion of current endoscopic management.