Antigen-based vaccination and prevention of type 1 diabetes.
Curr Diab Rep
; 13(5): 616-23, 2013 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23888323
ABSTRACT
Insulin-dependent or type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a paradigm for prevention of autoimmune disease Pancreatic ß-cell autoantigens are defined, at-risk individuals can be identified before the onset of symptoms, and autoimmune diabetes is preventable in rodent models. Intervention in asymptomatic individuals before or after the onset of subclinical islet autoimmunity places a premium on safety, a requirement met only by lifestyle-dietary approaches or autoantigen-based vaccination to induce protective immune tolerance. Insulin is the key driver of autoimmune ß-cell destruction in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse model of T1D and is an early autoimmune target in children at risk for T1D. In the NOD mouse, mucosal administration of insulin induces regulatory T cells that protect against diabetes. The promise of autoantigen-specific vaccination in humans has yet to be realized, but recent trials of oral and nasal insulin vaccination in at-risk humans provide grounds for cautious optimism.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Autoantígenos
/
Vacinação
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article