Adoptive cell transfer for patients with metastatic melanoma: the potential and promise of cancer immunotherapy.
Cancer Control
; 20(4): 289-97, 2013 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24077405
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Current FDA-approved therapeutic options for patients with metastatic melanoma include dacarbazine, interleukin 2, ipilimumab, vemurafenib, dabrafenib, and trametinib, but long-term tumor regression using available agents remains out of reach for most patients. Adoptive cell transfer (ACT) with autologous tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) has shown encouraging results in clinical trials, with evidence of durable ongoing complete responses in patients with advanced melanoma. Emerging techniques to engineer T-cell receptors (TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) using lymphocytes from peripheral blood may offer new tactics in ACT.METHODS:
We reviewed the literature to provide a synopsis on the development and clinical trial results of ACT, as well as the future outlook for using ACT in patients with metastatic melanoma.RESULTS:
ACT with TILs as part of a lymphodepleting regimen has been shown in clinical trials to cause objective clinical responses in approximately 40% to 72% of patients with metastatic melanoma, with up to 40% of those patients experiencing complete responses lasting up to 7 years ongoing. Pilot trials using TCR-engineered cells against melanoma-associated antigens MART-1 and gp100 and the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 have shown clinical responses in patients with melanoma. CAR cells directed against melanoma have been tested only in preclinical models; however, CAR cells targeting other histologies such as lymphoma have elicited antitumor responses in patients.CONCLUSIONS:
An example of state-of-the-art personalized medicine, ACT is a potentially curative therapy for patients with metastatic melanoma. Ongoing trials aiming to simplify the regimens may allow a broader range of patients to be treated and enable ACT to be offered by academic cancer centers.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Neoplasias Cutâneas
/
Imunoterapia Adotiva
/
Melanoma
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article