Antibiotic non-susceptibility among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolates identified in African cohorts: a meta-analysis of three decades of published studies.
Int J Antimicrob Agents
; 42(6): 482-91, 2013 Dec.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24139883
ABSTRACT
Management of community-acquired pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) can be complicated by emerging antimicrobial non-susceptibility. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the antibiotic susceptibility of community-acquired invasive infections with S. pneumoniae and Hib in Africa from 1978 to 2011. With the notable exceptions of widespread trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) and tetracycline non-susceptibility, the majority of pneumococci remain susceptible to ampicillin/amoxicillin. However, 23.8% of pneumococcal meningitis isolates are non-susceptible to penicillin. Similarly, Hib isolates show non-susceptibility to SXT, tetracycline, erythromycin and chloramphenicol. ß-Lactamase production among Hib isolates is increasing, a new observation for Africa, but is mitigated somewhat by Hib vaccination scale-up. In summary, pneumococcal susceptibility to amoxicillin remains high throughout Africa, and amoxicillin can be effectively and safely used as first-line treatment for childhood pneumonia. Data support first-line treatment of bacterial meningitis with ceftriaxone or cefotaxime.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Infecções Pneumocócicas
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Streptococcus pneumoniae
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Haemophilus influenzae
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Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas
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Farmacorresistência Bacteriana
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Infecções por Haemophilus
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Antibacterianos
Tipo de estudo:
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Humans
País/Região como assunto:
Africa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article