Asma/etiologia; Obesidade/complicações; Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/efeitos adversos; Asma/epidemiologia; Criança; Pré-Escolar; Estudos de Coortes; Feminino; Humanos; Lactente; Masculino; Cidade de Nova Iorque/epidemiologia; Gravidez; População Urbana

2-methylphenanthrene (2Meph); 3-methylphenanthrene (3Meph), 9-methylphenanthrene (9Meph), 1,7-dimethylphenanthrene (1,7DMeph), 3,6-dimethylphenanthrene (3,6DMeph), and pyrene; ACQ; Asthma; Asthma Control Questionnaire; BC; BMI; BRQ; Brief Respiratory Questionnaire; CCCEH; Childhood obesity; Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health; DEP; Diesel Exhaust Particle; EC; ER; ETS; Emergency Room; FEV(1); ICS; IQR; ISAAC; International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood; Methylphenanthrenes; NO(2); NYC; New York City; Nonatopic children; PAH; PM; PUF; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Polyurethane Foam; RR; benzo[b]fluoranthene (BbFA); benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkFA), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), indeno[1,2,3-c,d]pyrene (IP), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DahA), and benzo[g,h,i]perylene (BghiP); black carbon; body mass index; elemental carbon; environmental tobacco smoke; forced expiratory volume in 1s; inhaled corticosteroids; interquartile range; nitrogen dioxide; particulate matter; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; relative risk; sum of 8 high molecular-weight-PAH≥228, including benz[a]anthracene (BaA), chrysene/iso-chrysene (Chry); sum of 8 low molecular-weight-PAH≤206, including phenanthrene (Phe), 1-methylphenanthrene (1Meph); ∑(8)PAH(nonvolatile); ∑(8)PAH(semivolatile)