A case of primary effusion lymphoma diagnosed by open cardiocentesis.

ABSTRACT

Primary effusion lymphoma is a type of B-cell lymphoma that is primarily related to human immunodeficiency virus. Thoracic surgeons rarely encounter this disease because of its rarity. We herein report a case of primary effusion lymphoma which required surgery for successful treatment. An 83-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with signs of cardiac tamponade. A radiological examination revealed a pericardial effusion. Performing percutaneous pericardiocentesis was difficult due to the patient's anatomical features. We performed open cardiocentesis under general anesthesia. A cytologic examination revealed primary effusion lymphoma. The patient underwent chemotherapy, resulting in complete remission.