The risks of acute exposure to black carbon in Southern Europe: results from the MED-PARTICLES project.
Occup Environ Med
; 72(2): 123-9, 2015 Feb.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25385880
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
While several studies have reported associations of daily exposures to PM2.5 (particles less than 2.5â µm) with mortality, few studies have examined the impact of its constituents such as black carbon (BC), which is also a significant contributor to global climate change.METHODS:
We assessed the association between daily concentrations of BC and total, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality in two southern Mediterranean cities. Daily averages of BC were collected for 2â years in Barcelona, Spain and Athens, Greece. We used case-crossover analysis and examined single and cumulative lags up to 3â days.RESULTS:
We observed associations between BC and all mortality measures. For a 3-day moving average, cardiovascular mortality increased by 4.5% (95% CI 0.7 to 8.5) and 2.0% (95% CI 0 to 4.0) for an interquartile change in BC in Athens and Barcelona, respectively. Considerably higher effects for respiratory mortality and for those above age 65 were observed. In addition, BC exhibited much greater toxicity per microgram than generic PM2.5.CONCLUSIONS:
Our findings suggest that BC, derived in western industrialised nations primarily from diesel engines and biomass burning, poses a significant burden to public health, particularly in European cities with high-traffic density.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Respiratórias
/
Carbono
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Doenças Cardiovasculares
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Causas de Morte
/
Exposição Ambiental
/
Material Particulado
/
Fuligem
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Etiology_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
/
Adult
/
Aged
/
Child
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article