Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
A migration-driven model for the historical spread of leprosy in medieval Eastern and Central Europe.
Donoghue, Helen D; Michael Taylor, G; Marcsik, Antónia; Molnár, Erika; Pálfi, Gyorgy; Pap, Ildikó; Teschler-Nicola, Maria; Pinhasi, Ron; Erdal, Yilmaz S; Velemínsky, Petr; Likovsky, Jakub; Belcastro, Maria Giovanna; Mariotti, Valentina; Riga, Alessandro; Rubini, Mauro; Zaio, Paola; Besra, Gurdyal S; Lee, Oona Y-C; Wu, Houdini H T; Minnikin, David E; Bull, Ian D; O'Grady, Justin; Spigelman, Mark.
Afiliação
  • Donoghue HD; Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, UK. Electronic address: h.donoghue@ucl.ac.uk.
  • Michael Taylor G; Department of Microbial and Cellular Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, UK.
  • Marcsik A; University of Szeged, Mályva utca 23, H-6771 Szeged, Hungary.
  • Molnár E; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Hungary.
  • Pálfi G; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Hungary.
  • Pap I; Department of Anthropology, Natural History Museum, Budapest, Hungary.
  • Teschler-Nicola M; Department of Anthropology, Natural History Museum, Vienna, Austria.
  • Pinhasi R; School of Archaeology and Earth Institute, Belfield, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland.
  • Erdal YS; Department of Anthropology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
  • Velemínsky P; Department of Anthropology, National Museum, Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Likovsky J; Department of the Archaeology of Landscape and Archaeobiology, Institute of Archaeology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
  • Belcastro MG; Laboratorio di Bioarcheologia e Osteologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; Centro Fermi, Piazza del Viminale 1, 00184 Rome, Italy.
  • Mariotti V; Laboratorio di Bioarcheologia e Osteologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; ADES, UMR 7268 CNRS/Université de la Méditerranée/EFS, Université de la Méditerranée, CS80011, Bd Pierre Dramard,13344 Marseille Cedex 15, France.
  • Riga A; Laboratorio di Bioarcheologia e Osteologia Forense, Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
  • Rubini M; Department of Archaeology, Foggia University, Tivoli, Italy; Anthropological Service of S.B.A.L. (Ministry of Culture), Rome, Italy.
  • Zaio P; Department of Archaeology, Foggia University, Tivoli, Italy.
  • Besra GS; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
  • Lee OY; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
  • Wu HH; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
  • Minnikin DE; Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
  • Bull ID; Organic Geochemistry Unit, School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.
  • O'Grady J; Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, UK.
  • Spigelman M; Centre for Clinical Microbiology, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, UK; Department of Anatomy and Anthropology Sackler Medical School, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
Infect Genet Evol ; 31: 250-6, 2015 Apr.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25680828
ABSTRACT
Leprosy was rare in Europe during the Roman period, yet its prevalence increased dramatically in medieval times. We examined human remains, with paleopathological lesions indicative of leprosy, dated to the 6th-11th century AD, from Central and Eastern Europe and Byzantine Anatolia. Analysis of ancient DNA and bacterial cell wall lipid biomarkers revealed Mycobacterium leprae in skeletal remains from 6th-8th century Northern Italy, 7th-11th century Hungary, 8th-9th century Austria, the Slavic Greater Moravian Empire of the 9th-10th century and 8th-10th century Byzantine samples from Northern Anatolia. These data were analyzed alongside findings published by others. M. leprae is an obligate human pathogen that has undergone an evolutionary bottleneck followed by clonal expansion. Therefore M. leprae genotypes and sub-genotypes give information about the human populations they have infected and their migration. Although data are limited, genotyping demonstrates that historical M. leprae from Byzantine Anatolia, Eastern and Central Europe resembles modern strains in Asia Minor rather than the recently characterized historical strains from North West Europe. The westward migration of peoples from Central Asia in the first millennium may have introduced different M. leprae strains into medieval Europe and certainly would have facilitated the spread of any existing leprosy. The subsequent decline of M. leprae in Europe may be due to increased host resistance. However, molecular evidence of historical leprosy and tuberculosis co-infections suggests that death from tuberculosis in leprosy patients was also a factor.
Assuntos
Palavras-chave

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Modelos Estatísticos / Migração Humana / Hanseníase Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2015 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Modelos Estatísticos / Migração Humana / Hanseníase Tipo de estudo: Prognostic_studies / Risk_factors_studies Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged País/Região como assunto: Europa Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2015 Tipo de documento: Article