Effect of HEMA Phosphate as an Alternative to Phosphoric Acid for Dentin Treatment Prior to Hybridization with Etch-and-Rinse Adhesive Systems.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of dentin treatment using HEMA phosphate (HEMA-P) on the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage of an etch-and-rinse adhesive system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The occlusal surfaces of human molars were wet ground until superficial dentin was exposed. The specimens were then assigned to two groups according to dentin treatment: PA: 37% H3PO4 for 15 s; or HP: HEMA-P for 15 s. Adper Single Bond 2 was applied to the treated dentin surfaces and resin composite buildups were incrementally constructed over them. After 24-h storage in artificial saliva at 37°C, the bonded teeth were cut into resin-dentin sticks with a cross-sectional area of 1 mm², which were submitted to µTBS testing immediately or after 3 months of storage in artificial saliva at 37°C. Nanoleakage was assessed using SEM/EDS, and the interaction between dentin and H3PO4 or HEMA-P was evaluated by combining micro-Raman and FT-IR spectroscopy. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post-hoc test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: HP presented significantly higher µTBS than PA at both times (p < 0.05). Both treatments maintained µTBS stability after 3 months of artificial saliva storage (p > 0.005). At both times, PA presented higher nanoleakage than HP (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Both dentin treatments maintained µTBS stability after 3 months of artificial saliva storage. The use of HEMA-P was associated with less nanoleakage than was traditional phosphoric-acid etching.