Noninvasive imaging of c(RGD)2 -9R as a potential delivery carrier for transfection of siRNA in malignant tumors.

The purpose of our study was to develop and evaluate a novel integrin αv ß3 -specific delivery carrier for transfection of siRNA in malignant tumors. We adopted arginine-glycine-aspartate (RGD) motif as a tissue target for specific recognition of integrin αν ß3 . A chimaeric peptide was synthesized by adding nonamer arginine residues (9-arginine [9R]) at the carboxy terminus of cyclic-RGD dimer, designated as c(RGD)2 -9R, to enable small interfering RNA (siRNA) binding. To test the applicability of the delivery carrier in vivo, c(RGD)2 -9R was labeled with radionuclide of technetium-99m. Biodistribution and γ-camera imaging studies were performed in HepG2 xenograft-bearing nude mice. As results, an optimal 10:1 molar ratio of 99m Tc-c(RGD)2 -9R to siRNA was indicated by the electrophoresis on agarose gels. 99m Tc-c(RGD)2 -9R/siRNA remained stable under a set of conditions in vitro. For in vivo study, tumor radioactivity uptake of 99m Tc-c(RGD)2 -9R/siRNA in nude mice bearing HepG2 xenografts was significantly higher than that of control probe (P < .05). The xenografts were clearly visualized at 4 hours till 6 hours noninvasively after intravenous injection of 99m Tc-c(RGD)2 -9R/siRNA, while the xenografts were not visualized at any time after injection of control probe. It was concluded that c(RGD)2 -9R could be an effective siRNA delivery carrier. Technetium-99m radiolabeled-delivery carrier represents a potential imaging strategy for RNAi-based therapy.