Treatment of diarrhoea in Indonesian children: what it costs and who pays for it.

ABSTRACT

The annual economic burden of diarrhoea in four subdistricts in Indonesia averaged $2.27 per child aged under 5 years when health centre, hospital, and private expenditures were all considered. The community itself spent $1.03 per child or 46% of the total; 96% of community payments went to the private sector, and 4% were for fees at government health centres and hospitals. The widespread availability of oral rehydration therapy has led to only partial abandonment of ineffective or marginally effective medications; non-rehydration medications amounted to 44% of total treatment expenditures. Most medication costs were for antimicrobial agents, such as tetracycline in the government sector and iodochlorhydroxyquin in the private sector. If the use of tetracycline at health centres could be restricted to 10% of episodes treated instead of the present 88%, their costs could be reduced by 50%.

ABSTRACT

PIP The annual economic burden of diarrhea in 4 subdistricts in Indonesia averaged $2.27/child under age 5 when health center, hospital, and private expenditure were all considered. The community itself spent $1.03/child or 46% of the total; 96% of community payments went to the private sector, and 4% were for fees at government health centers and hospitals. The widespread availability of oral rehydration therapy has led to only partial abandonment of ineffective or marginally effective medications; nonrehydration medications amounted to 44% of total treatment expenditures. Most medication costs were for antimicrobial agents, such as tetracycline in the government sector and iodochlorhydroxyquin in the private sector. If the use of tetracycline in health centers could be restricted to 10% of the episodes treated instead of the present 88%, their costs could be reduced by 50%.