Nursing workload and adherence to non-pharmacological measures in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. A pilot study. / Carga de trabajo y cumplimiento por parte de las enfermeras de las medidas no farmacológicas para la prevención de la neumonía asociada a la ventilación mecánica. Estudio piloto.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To analyse whether adherence to non-pharmacological measures in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is associated with nursing workload. METHODS: A prospective observational study performed in a single medical-surgical ICU. Nurses in charge of patients under ventilator support were assessed. VARIABLES knowledge questionnaire, application of non-pharmacological VAP prevention measures, and workload (Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score). Phases 1) the nurses carried out a educational programme, consisting of 60-minute lectures on non-pharmacological measures for VAP prevention, and at the end completed a questionnaire knowledge; 2) observation period; 3) knowledge questionnaire. RESULTS: Among 67 ICU-staff nurses, 54 completed the educational programme and were observed. A total of 160 observations of 49 nurses were made. Adequate knowledge was confirmed in both the initial and final questionnaires. Application of preventive measures ranged from 11% for hand washing pre-aspiration to 97% for the use of a sterile aspiration probe. The Nine Equivalents of Nursing Manpower Use Score was 50±13. No significant differences were observed between the association of the nurses' knowledge and the application of preventive measures or between workload and the application of preventive measures. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses' knowledge of VAP prevention measures is not necessarily applied in daily practice. Failure to follow these measures is not subject to lack of knowledge or to increased workload, but presumably to contextual factors.