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Paralytic and nonparalytic muscle adaptations to exercise training versus high-protein diet in individuals with long-standing spinal cord injury.
Yarar-Fisher, Ceren; Polston, Keith F L; Eraslan, Mualla; Henley, Kathryn Y; Kinikli, Gizem I; Bickel, C Scott; Windham, Samuel T; McLain, Amie B; Oster, Robert A; Bamman, Marcas M.
Afiliação
  • Yarar-Fisher C; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Polston KFL; University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Eraslan M; University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Medicine , Memphis, Tennessee.
  • Henley KY; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Kinikli GI; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Bickel CS; Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey.
  • Windham ST; Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Samford University , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • McLain AB; Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Oster RA; University of Alabama at Birmingham Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
  • Bamman MM; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Alabama at Birmingham , Birmingham, Alabama.
J Appl Physiol (1985) ; 125(1): 64-72, 2018 07 01.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29494292
ABSTRACT
This study compares the effects of an 8-wk isocaloric high-protein (HP) diet versus a combination exercise (Comb-Ex) regimen on paralytic vastus lateralis (VL) and nonparalytic deltoid muscle in individuals with long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI). Fiber-type distribution, cross-sectional area (CSA), levels of translation initiation signaling proteins (Erk-1/2, Akt, p70S6K1, 4EBP1, RPS6, and FAK), and lean thigh mass were analyzed at baseline and after the 8-wk interventions. A total of 11 participants (C5-T12 levels, 21.8 ± 6.3 yr postinjury; 6 Comb-Ex and 5 HP diet) completed the study. Comb-Ex training occurred 3 days/wk and consisted of upper body resistance training (RT) in addition to neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES)-induced-RT for paralytic VL muscle. Strength training was combined with high-intensity arm-cranking exercises (1-min intervals at 85-90%, V̇o2peak) for improving cardiovascular endurance. For the HP diet intervention, protein and fat each comprised 30%, and carbohydrate comprised 40% of total energy. Clinical tests and muscle biopsies were performed 24 h before and after the last exercise or diet session. The Comb-Ex intervention increased Type IIa myofiber distribution and CSA in VL muscle and Type I and IIa myofiber CSA in deltoid muscle. In addition, Comb-Ex increased lean thigh mass, V̇o2peak, and upper body strength ( P < 0.05). These results suggest that exercise training is required to promote favorable changes in paralytic and nonparalytic muscles in individuals with long-standing SCI, and adequate dietary protein consumption alone may not be sufficient to ameliorate debilitating effects of paralysis. NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study is the first to directly compare the effects of an isocaloric high-protein diet and combination exercise training on clinical and molecular changes in paralytic and nonparalytic muscles of individuals with long-standing spinal cord injury. Our results demonstrated that muscle growth and fiber-type alterations can best be achieved when the paralyzed muscle is sufficiently loaded via neuromuscular electrical stimulation-induced resistance training.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Traumatismos da Medula Espinal / Adaptação Biológica / Proteínas Alimentares / Exercício Físico / Músculo Esquelético / Dieta Rica em Proteínas Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Traumatismos da Medula Espinal / Adaptação Biológica / Proteínas Alimentares / Exercício Físico / Músculo Esquelético / Dieta Rica em Proteínas Limite: Adult / Female / Humans / Male / Middle aged Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2018 Tipo de documento: Article