Circadian modulation of neuroplasticity by melatonin: a target in the treatment of depression.
Br J Pharmacol
; 175(16): 3200-3208, 2018 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29512136
ABSTRACT
Mood disorders are a spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by changes in the emotional state. In particular, major depressive disorder is expected to have a worldwide prevalence of 20% in 2020, representing a huge socio-economic burden. Currently used antidepressant drugs have poor efficacy with only 30% of the patients in remission after the first line of treatment. Importantly, mood disorder patients present uncoupling of circadian rhythms. In this regard, melatonin (5-methoxy-N-acetyltryptamine), an indolamine synthesized by the pineal gland during the night, contributes to synchronization of body rhythms with the environmental light/dark cycle. In this review, we describe evidence supporting antidepressant-like actions of melatonin related to the circadian modulation of neuroplastic changes in the hippocampus. We also present evidence for the role of melatonin receptors and their signalling pathways underlying modulatory effects in neuroplasticity. Finally, we briefly discuss the detrimental consequences of circadian disruption on neuroplasticity and mood disorders, due to the modern human lifestyle. Together, data suggest that melatonin's stimulation of neurogenesis and neuronal differentiation is beneficial to patients with mood disorders. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Developments in Research of Melatonin and its Potential Therapeutic Applications. To view the other articles in this section visit http//onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.16/issuetoc.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ritmo Circadiano
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Depressão
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Melatonina
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Plasticidade Neuronal
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article