[Intraocular inflammation in multiple sclerosis]. / Intraokulare Entzündung bei multipler Sklerose.

ABSTRACT

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the brain and the spinal cord occurring mostly in young adults and is associated with temporary or permanent neurological deficits. An association between uveitis and MS has been recognized for a long time. Current data indicate an approximately 10 times higher prevalence of uveitis in patients with MS compared to the general population. In particular, MS is associated with intermediate uveitis and typically with concomitant retinal vasculitis. The treatment of uveitis should not only take the severity of intraocular inflammation into account but a coordination of the active agents must also consider the neurological manifestations. Since uveitis and MS are pathogenetically based on an immune-mediated genesis, immunomodulatory treatment approaches are dominant but it is important to bear in mind that tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-alpha blocking agents may worsen MS.