N-(1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)benzamide analogs, bacteriostatic agents against methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant bacteria.

ABSTRACT

Various reports of multidrug-resistant bacteria that are immune to all available FDA-approved drugs demand the development of novel chemical scaffolds as antibiotics. From screening a chemical library, we identified compounds with antibacterial activity. The most potent compounds, F6-5 and F6, inhibited growth of various drug-resistant Gram-positive bacterial pathogens at concentrations ranging from 1 µg/mL to 2 µg/mL. Both compounds were active against clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-intermediate and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VISA and VRSA respectively) and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis (VRE). Resistance generation experiments revealed that MRSA could develop resistance to the antibiotic ciprofloxacin but not to F6. Excitingly, F6 was found to be non-toxic against mammalian cells. In a mouse skin wound infection model, F6 was equipotent to the antibiotic fusidic acid in reducing MRSA burden.