Development of a medication synchronization common language for community pharmacies.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To develop a common language for the medication synchronization process in community pharmacies. METHODS: A systematic and iterative process was used to create and refine a common language for medication synchronization. First, a review of all available medication synchronization-related documents was completed. Second, a systematic scoping literature review was conducted to determine what core components of medication synchronization have been implemented by community pharmacies. Third, semistructured interviews were conducted with community pharmacists and key stakeholders to identify principles and successful practices. Findings from the document review, systematic scoping review, and semistructured interviews were integrated to develop a medication synchronization common language. Finally, researchers and key stakeholders refined the initial draft by means of a systematic process. RESULTS: This process generated a medication synchronization common language that includes common language for the philosophy and values of medication synchronization. This profile also includes descriptions of core components with activities to be conducted for each of the identified 5 core components. The 5 core components are 1) identification and enrollment of patients; 2) completion of a medication review and patient assessment; 3) alignment of medication refills; 4) preparation for medication delivery; and 5) delivery of medication and other services. CONCLUSION: The development of a common language for medication synchronization will allow for the promotion of consistency in implementation and operation of these programs across community pharmacies. Consistency in implementation will allow for better interpretation of patient outcomes such as adherence and other clinical measures.