Characteristics of Phantom Limb Pain Alleviated with Virtual Reality Rehabilitation.
Pain Med
; 20(5): 1038-1046, 2019 05 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30576543
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES:
Neurorehabilitation techniques using virtual reality (VR) systems have recently become widespread as a rehabilitation method for restoring phantom limb movement and alleviating phantom limb pain (PLP). However, analgesic effects have varied between studies, possibly because of differences in the characteristics of PLP between patients (e.g., cramping, burning, shooting). We aimed to reveal the relationship between VR effects and PLP characteristics using an exploratory factor analysis.METHODS:
PLP characteristics of 19 patients were measured using the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ), and all PLP patients performed the VR rehabilitation protocol for 20 minutes. During VR rehabilitation, mirror-reversed computer graphic images of an intact arm (the virtual phantom limb) were presented to patients via a head-mounted display, inducing the perception of voluntary execution of movements of their phantom limb when intending bimanual movements.RESULTS:
VR rehabilitation significantly restored movement representation (P < 0.0001) quantified using the bimanual coupling effect and significantly alleviated PLP intensity (P < 0.0001). The factor analysis revealed that PLP characteristics could be divided into two factors "somatosensory-related pain characteristics" and "kinesthesia-related pain characteristics." PLP alleviation via VR rehabilitation was significantly correlated with "kinesthesia-related pain characteristics" (r = 0.47, P = 0.02) but not "somatosensory-related pain characteristics" (r = 0.22, P = 0.17).CONCLUSIONS:
The current findings indicate that VR rehabilitation may be particularly effective for PLP associated with distorted phantom limb movement and body representations (e.g., clamping, gnawing), compared with typical neuropathic sensations (e.g., shooting, burning, dysesthesia).Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Membro Fantasma
/
Terapia de Exposição à Realidade Virtual
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Aged
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Female
/
Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article