Implementation of early detection and intervention services for psychosis in Central and Eastern Europe: Current status.

AIM: Unequal development of early detection (ED) and early intervention (EI) programs/services for psychosis has been shown across Europe. The present report aims to fill in the knowledge gap regarding the implementation and several other important aspects of ED/EI services in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), a region with highly underdeveloped mental health service research. METHODS: A 17-item questionnaire was created to address the information regarding ED/EI organization and factors limiting their implementation. This questionnaire was distributed to professionals recognized as experts in the field from 23 CEE countries. The data were collected between December 2017 and February 2018. RESULTS: We found that ED/EI services were rather an exception than a rule in CEE. The majority of the countries involved in the present survey reported no national plans or programmes for ED/EI development. The existing services were mostly state-funded, hospital-based, healthcare sites for both adolescent and adult help-seekers. The lack of adequate infrastructure, finances and governmental support, as well as the insufficient number of staff, were identified as the most important factors limiting service implementation. CONCLUSIONS: Although ED/EI services for psychosis exist in some CEE countries, this could be largely attributed to enthusiastic individuals and organizations, rather than to a strategic development. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first mapping of ED/EI development in the region, which could be used as a starting point to plan the improvement of services, to accelerate their implementation and to facilitate timely detection of and intervention in psychosis across Europe.