[Effects of water-fertilizer integration on water use and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat]. / æ°´è‚¥ä¸€ä½“åŒ–å¯¹å°éº¦æ°´åˆ†åˆ©ç”¨å’Œå ‰åˆç‰¹æ€§çš„å½±å“.

ABSTRACT

In two growing seasons of wheat (2016-2018), a field trial with Jimai 22 as test mate-rial was conducted in Shijiawangzi Village, Yanzhou City, Shandong Province. Under three nitrogen levels of 150 (N1), 180 (N2) and 210 (N3) kg·hm-2, two irrigation-fertilization methods were designed at jointing as border irrigation and broadcasting of fertilizer (W1), micro spraying irrigation and water-fertilizer integration (W2), to examine the effects of irrigation-fertilization methods on water use, photosynthetic characteristics, and dry matter accumulation and transport of wheat. The results showed that under the same nitrogen level, seven days average soil evaporation of W2 treatment in filling period was significantly lower than that of W1 treatment, and that soil water consumption in the 60-160 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that in W1 treatment. The flag leaf net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate of W2 treatment were signi-ficantly higher than W1 treatment from 14 to 28 days after anthesis. The amount of dry matter in anthesis and maturity stage and the allocation to grain of post-anthesis assimilates of W2 treatment were significantly higher than those in W1 treatment. There was no difference in total water consumption between W2 and W1 treatments. Grain yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency of W2 treatment were significantly higher than W1 treatment. The highest grain yield, water use efficiency and nitrogen use efficiency were obtained at the nitrogen level of 210 kg·hm-2. By comprehensive considerations, under the same nitrogen level, treatment of micro spraying irrigation and water-fertilizer integration was better than border irrigation and broadcasting of fertilizer. The W2N3 treatment under the nitrogen level of 210 kg·hm-2 and with the application of micro spraying irrigation and water-fertilizer integration at jointing was the optimal treatment to save water and fertilizer.