Spatial compartmentalization of lipid droplet biogenesis.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids
; 1865(1): 158499, 2020 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31352131
ABSTRACT
Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous organelles that store metabolic energy in the form of neutral lipids (typically triacylglycerols and steryl esters). Beyond being inert energy storage compartments, LDs are dynamic organelles that participate in numerous essential metabolic functions. Cells generate LDs de novo from distinct sub-regions at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), but what determines sites of LD formation remains a key unanswered question. Here, we review the factors that determine LD formation at the ER, and discuss how they work together to spatially and temporally coordinate LD biogenesis. These factors include lipid synthesis enzymes, assembly proteins, and membrane structural requirements. LDs also make contact with other organelles, and these inter-organelle contacts contribute to defining sites of LD production. Finally, we highlight emerging non-canonical roles for LDs in maintaining cellular homeostasis during stress.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Retículo Endoplasmático
/
Metabolismo dos Lipídeos
/
Gotículas Lipídicas
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article