Single-Leg Jump Performance Before and After Exercise in Healthy and Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructed Individuals.

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT Many clinicians measure lower-extremity symmetry after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); however, testing is completed in a rested state rather than postexercise. Testing postexercise may better model conditions under which injury occurs. OBJECTIVE: To compare changes in single-leg performance in healthy and individuals with history of ACLR before and after exercise. DESIGN: Repeated-measures case-control. SETTING: Laboratory. PATIENTS Fifty-two subjects (25 control and 27 ACLR). INTERVENTION Thirty minutes of exercise. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Limb symmetry and involved limb performance (nondominant for healthy) for single-leg hop, ground contact time, and jump height during the 4-jump test. Cohen d effect sizes were calculated for all differences identified using a repeated-measures analysis of variance. RESULTS: Healthy controls hopped farther than ACLR before (d = 0.65; confidence interval [CI], 0.09 to 1.20) and after exercise (d = 0.60; CI, 0.04 to 1.15). Those with ACLR had longer ground contact time on the reconstructed limb compared with the uninvolved limb after exercise (d = 0.53; CI, -0.02 to 1.09), and the reconstructed limb had greater ground contact time compared with the healthy control limb after exercise (d = 0.38; CI, -0.21 to 0.73). ACLR were less symmetrical than healthy before (d = 0.38; CI, 0.17 to 0.93) and after exercise (d = 0.84; CI, 0.28 to 1.41), and the reconstructed limb demonstrated decreased jump height compared with the healthy control limbs before (d = 0.75; CI, 0.19 to 1.31) and after exercise (d = 0.79; CI, 0.23 to 1.36). CONCLUSIONS: ACLR became more symmetric, which may be from adaptations of the reconstructed limb after exercise. Changes in performance and symmetry may provide additional information regarding adaptations to exercise after reconstruction.