The Power of Human Cancer Genetics as Revealed by Low-Grade Gliomas.
Annu Rev Genet
; 53: 483-503, 2019 12 03.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31794268
ABSTRACT
The human brain contains a vast number of cells and shows extraordinary cellular diversity to facilitate the many cognitive and automatic commands governing our bodily functions. This complexity arises partly from large-scale structural variations in the genome, evolutionary processes to increase brain size, function, and cognition. Not surprisingly given recent technical advances, low-grade gliomas (LGGs), which arise from the glia (the most abundant cell type in the brain), have undergone a recent revolution in their classification and therapy, especially in the pediatric setting. Next-generation sequencing has uncovered previously unappreciated diverse LGG entities, unraveling genetic subgroups and multiple molecular alterations and altered pathways, including many amenable to therapeutic targeting. In this article we review these novel entities, in which oncogenic processes show striking age-related neuroanatomical specificity (highlighting their close interplay with development); the opportunities they provide for targeted therapies, some of which are already practiced at the bedside; and the challenges of implementing molecular pathology in the clinic.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Encéfalo
/
Neoplasias Encefálicas
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Glioma
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Child
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article