[Medical specialist undertreatment in nursing home residents-Prevalence and extrapolation]. / Fachärztliche Unterversorgung bei Heimbewohnern ­ Prävalenzstudie und Hochrechnung.

BACKGROUND: Nursing home residents tend to have lower medical specialist utilization than other groups of older people; however, as yet there is little evidence whether nursing home residents obtain adequate medical specialist care. This study investigated whether nursing home residents receive adequate oral health care, ophthalmological care, otorhinolaryngologist care and neurological care. The unmet needs of the nursing home population in Germany was extrapolated. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Audiometry, eye examinations and oral visual inspection were performed in 409 residents from 44 nursing homes. Medical care in the previous 12 months as well as existing diagnoses were retrieved from the nursing documentation. Teams of physicians evaluated for each resident based on all collected data if the resident obtained specialist care that was adequate to the needs. RESULTS: Between 15% and 45% of the residents with need for medical specialist care did not receive adequate specialist care. Of all residents 27% had unmet need of specialist care in at least one of the investigated medical specialties. It is projected that up to 205,000 nursing home residents in Germany do not receive adequate medical specialist care. CONCLUSION: Given a considerable proportion of nursing home residents with unmet need of specialist care, interventions should be developed that help reduce the level of unmet needs.