Clinical impact of misinterpretation of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry during the evaluation of osteoporotic patients.

Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent systemic skeletal disorder leading to decreased bone strength and increased susceptibility to fragility fracture. The global burden of osteoporosis negatively impacts health systems around the world, and the estimation of millions of individuals at high risk for fracture in 2010 will double by the year 2040. There are many techniques to evaluate bone mineral density, but the preferred method in clinical practice is dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This method, despite offering multiple advantages, can lead us to a wrong diagnosis if we do not take into account certain clinical and technical considerations. The objective of this review is to analyze the different aspects that we must consider when, as clinicians, we have to evaluate a densitometric report. These aspects are presented as technical factors influencing DXA results and patients' conditions limiting DXA interpretation.