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Government response moderates the mental health impact of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of depression outcomes across countries.
Lee, Yena; Lui, Leanna M W; Chen-Li, David; Liao, Yuhua; Mansur, Rodrigo B; Brietzke, Elisa; Rosenblat, Joshua D; Ho, Roger; Rodrigues, Nelson B; Lipsitz, Orly; Nasri, Flora; Cao, Bing; Subramaniapillai, Mehala; Gill, Hartej; Lu, Ciyong; McIntyre, Roger S.
Afiliação
  • Lee Y; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8. Electronic address: yenalee.lee@utoronto.ca.
  • Lui LMW; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Chen-Li D; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Liao Y; Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
  • Mansur RB; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8.
  • Brietzke E; Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University School of Medicine, Kingston, ON, Canada; Centre for Neuroscience Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
  • Rosenblat JD; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8.
  • Ho R; Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
  • Rodrigues NB; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Lipsitz O; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Nasri F; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Cao B; Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Faculty of Psychology, Ministry of Education, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, People's Republic of China.
  • Subramaniapillai M; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Gill H; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8.
  • Lu C; Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
  • McIntyre RS; Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 2S8; Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 1A8; Department of Phar
J Affect Disord ; 290: 364-377, 2021 07 01.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34052584
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a public health, economic and mental health crisis. We hypothesized that timely government implementation of stringent measures to reduce viral transmission would benefit mental health, as evidenced by reduced rates of depressive symptoms (i.e., Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-9≥10, PHQ-2≥3). METHODS: The systematic review herein (PROSPERO CRD42020200647) evaluated to what extent differences in government-imposed stringency and timeliness of response to COVID-19 moderate the prevalence of depressive symptoms across 33 countries (k=114, N=640,037). We included data from six lower-middle-income countries, nine upper-middle-income countries, and 18 higher-income countries. Government-imposed stringency and timeliness in response were operationalized using the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response ("Stringency") Index. RESULTS: The overall proportion of study participants with clinically significant depressive symptoms was 21.39% (95% CI 19.37-23.47). The prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms was significantly lower in countries wherein governments implemented stringent policies promptly. The moderating effect of government response remained significant after including the national frequency of COVID cases at the time of study commencement, Healthcare Access and Quality index, and the inclusion of COVID patients in the study. LIMITATIONS: Factors that may have confounded our results include, for example, differences in lockdown duration, lack of study participant and outcome assessor blinding, and retrospective assessment of depressive symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS: Governments that enacted stringent measures to contain the spread of COVID-19 benefited not only the physical, but also the mental health of their population.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Pandemias / COVID-19 Tipo de estudo: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies / Systematic_reviews Limite: Humans Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Pandemias / COVID-19 Tipo de estudo: Observational_studies / Risk_factors_studies / Systematic_reviews Limite: Humans Idioma: En Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article