ABA, abscisic acid; ADP, adenosine diphosphate; AtCPR (ATR), Arabidopsis thaliana cytochrome P450 reductase; BARS, baruol synthase; Biosynthetic pathway; Biotechnological approach; CAS, cycloartenol synthase; CDP, cytidine diphosphate; CPQ, cucurbitadienol synthase; CYP, cytochrome P450; DDS, dammarenediol synthase; DM, dammarenediol-II; DMAPP, dimethylallyl diphosphate; FPP, farnesyl pyrophosphate; FPPS (FPS), farnesyl diphosphate synthase; GDP, guanosine diphosphate; Ginsenoside; HEJA, 2-hydroxyethyl jasmonate; HMGR, HMG-CoA reductase; IPP, isopentenyl diphosphate; ITS, internal transcribed spacer; JA, jasmonic acid; JA-Ile, (+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-l-isoleucine; JAR, JA-amino acid synthetase; JAZ, jasmonate ZIM-domain; KcMS, Kandelia candel multifunctional triterpene synthases; LAS, lanosterol synthase; LUP, lupeol synthase; MEP, methylerythritol phosphate; MVA, mevalonate; MVD, mevalonate diphosphate decarboxylase; MeJA, methyl jasmonate; NDP, nucleotide diphosphate; Non-coding RNAs; OA, oleanane or oleanic acid; OAS, oleanolic acid synthase; OCT, ocotillol; OSC, oxidosqualene cyclase; PPD, protopanaxadiol; PPDS, PPD synthase; PPT, protopanaxatriol; PPTS, PPT synthase; Panax species; RNAi, RNA interference; SA, salicylic acid; SE (SQE), squalene epoxidase; SPL, squamosa promoter-binding protein-like; SS (SQS), squalene synthase; SUS, sucrose synthase; TDP, thymine diphosphate; Transcription factors; UDP, uridine diphosphate; UGPase, UDP-glucose pyrophosphosphprylase; UGT, UDP-dependent glycosyltransferase; WGD, whole genome duplication; α-AS, α-amyrin synthase; ß-AS, ß-amyrin synthase