The mitochondrial genome of Eurycantha calcarata Lucas, 1869 (Phasmatodea: Lonchodinae) and its phylogeny.

ABSTRACT

The Lonchodinae (Phasmatodea Phasmatidae) is rich in insect species with more than 330 species of 40 genera. The phylogenetic relationships within Lonchodinae have been under debate. We successfully sequenced the complete mitogenome of Eurycantha calcarata Lucas, 1869 (Phasmatodea Lonchodinae) with a length of 16,280 bp, which had the same genes and gene arrangements as those of various published papers on stick insects. The whole mitogenome and control region of E. calcarata had a high AT content of 78.2 and 85.9%, respectively. All PCGs used ATN as the start codon, and most PCGs used TAA/TAG as the stop codons excluding COX2 (T), COX3 (TA), and ND5 (TA). To discuss the phylogeny of Lonchodinae, we reconstructed the phylogenetic relationships of 27 species of Phasmatodea including E. calcarata and two species of Embioptera used as outgroups. In BI and ML trees, the monophyly of Lonchodinae and Necrosciinae was well supported, whereas the monophyly of Clitumninae was not recovered. These results indicated that Lonchodinae was a sister clade to Phylliinae and E. calcarata was a sister clade to Phraortes genus.