Interactions of HMGB Proteins with the Genome and the Impact on Disease.
Biomolecules
; 11(10)2021 10 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34680084
ABSTRACT
High Mobility Group Box (HMGB) proteins are small architectural DNA binding proteins that regulate multiple genomic processes such as DNA damage repair, nucleosome sliding, telomere homeostasis, and transcription. In doing so they control both normal cellular functions and impact a myriad of disease states, including cancers and autoimmune diseases. HMGB proteins bind to DNA and nucleosomes to modulate the local chromatin environment, which facilitates the binding of regulatory protein factors to the genome and modulates higher order chromosomal organization. Numerous studies over the years have characterized the structure and function of interactions between HMGB proteins and DNA, both biochemically and inside cells, providing valuable mechanistic insight as well as evidence these interactions influence pathological processes. This review highlights recent studies supporting the roles of HMGB1 and HMGB2 in global organization of the genome, as well as roles in transcriptional regulation and telomere maintenance via interactions with G-quadruplex structures. Moreover, emerging models for how HMGB proteins function as RNA binding proteins are presented. Nuclear HMGB proteins have broad regulatory potential to impact numerous aspects of cellular metabolism in normal and disease states.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transcrição Gênica
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Proteínas HMGB
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Proteína HMGB1
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Proteína HMGB2
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article