How the Innate Immune DNA Sensing cGAS-STING Pathway Is Involved in Autophagy.
Int J Mol Sci
; 22(24)2021 Dec 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34948027
ABSTRACT
The cGAS-STING pathway is a key component of the innate immune system and exerts crucial roles in the detection of cytosolic DNA and invading pathogens. Accumulating evidence suggests that the intrinsic cGAS-STING pathway not only facilitates the production of type I interferons (IFN-I) and inflammatory responses but also triggers autophagy. Autophagy is a homeostatic process that exerts multiple effects on innate immunity. However, systematic evidence linking the cGAS-STING pathway and autophagy is still lacking. Therefore, one goal of this review is to summarize the known mechanisms of autophagy induced by the cGAS-STING pathway and their consequences. The cGAS-STING pathway can trigger canonical autophagy through liquid-phase separation of the cGAS-DNA complex, interaction of cGAS and Beclin-1, and STING-triggered ER stress-mTOR signaling. Furthermore, both cGAS and STING can induce non-canonical autophagy via LC3-interacting regions and binding with LC3. Subsequently, autophagy induced by the cGAS-STING pathway plays crucial roles in balancing innate immune responses, maintaining intracellular environmental homeostasis, alleviating liver injury, and limiting tumor growth and transformation.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
DNA
/
Imunidade Inata
/
Proteínas de Membrana
/
Nucleotidiltransferases
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article