ABSTRACT
In 1891, Dr. William B. Coley, an American surgeon, made a compelling observation that immune system can be triggered to shrink tumors. The quest to exploit the power of immunotherapy however was forestalled by an era of chemotherapy that ensued. During World War II, the accidental sinking of a US naval ship led to a group of sailors developing pancytopenia due to poisoning from mustard gas (nitrogen mustard). The observation prompted wide-scale screening of these chemical compounds with cytotoxic potential; further clinical trials led to the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval of a chemotherapy drug, nitrogen mustard. Immunotherapy field took further impetus, not until the last two decades, due to our deeper understanding of the immune system and the cellular and molecular pathways leading to tumor development. Two groundbreaking therapies which have shown great promise in this field involve "taking the breaks off" and "pushing the pedal" of the immune system. These therapies, namely, immune checkpoint inhibitors and adoptive cell therapy, respectively, have been successful in a variety of malignancies, while the former mostly in solid tumors and the latter in hematological malignancies.
Palavras-chave
Adoptive cell therapy; Axicabtagene ciloleucel; Brexucabtagene autoleucel; CAR-T cell related encephalopathy syndrome; Cellular therapy; Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell; Cytokine release syndrome (CRS); Immunotherapy; Lisocabtagene maraleucel; Neurotoxicity; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma; Tisagenlecleucel; Toxicity
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Imunoterapia Adotiva
/
Neoplasias
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article