Investigating the links between parent-child interactions and context-specific electroencephalography asymmetry: Neurophysiology behind a frustrating task.

This study investigated the relations between parent-child interactions and infant brain activity in the context of a frustration eliciting task. Specifically, electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded and processed to provide alpha frontal asymmetry indicators linked with approach/avoidance emotions and motivation. These data were collected from 53 mother-infant dyads during baseline and a toy retraction task, with play interactions coded for caregiving quality indicators. Hierarchical multiple linear regression analyses indicated that infants of more sensitive/responsive mothers and those engaging in more fast-paced/active play exchanges with caregivers demonstrated a relative left frontal activation response during toy retraction. Reciprocity/synchrony and directedness (parent vs. child directed) did not account for significant amounts of toy retraction EEG asymmetry response variance. It may be that infants experience greater frustration in the context of an attractive toy being removed when their typical play exchanges with caregivers are marked by sensitivity to their needs and are physically/verbally engaging. The findings are discussed in the context of the capability model of EEG asymmetry with regard to infant EEG.