Serum and urinary galectin-9 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10.
Lupus
; 31(4): 482-487, 2022 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35245170
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by a type I interferon (IFN) signature, and traditional methods for its measurement like gene expression analysis are cumbersome for routine use. Thus, we aimed to study galectin-9 as a biomarker and compared it with a validated marker, C-X-C motifchemokine ligand 10(CXCL-10).METHODS:
Ninety-seven patients with SLE (26 years; 89 females) were included and stratified based on renal involvement and activity into - active (SLEDAI > 4) renal (35), active non-renal (32) and inactive renal subgroups (30) along with 20 healthy controls (HC, 25 years; 15 females). The median disease duration was 24 months (6-48), and SLEDAI 2K was 9 (2-15). Serum and urine galectin-9 and CXCL-10 levels were measured by ELISA. Urine levels were normalized with spot urine creatinine values. Follow-up serum and urine galectin-9 levels were measured for those in the active renal group at 6 months.RESULTS:
Patients with SLE had higher serum galectin-9 (5.6 vs 1.7 µg/mL, p = .0001) but not urine galectin-9 (0.52 vs 0.32 µg, p = .7) levels as compared to HC. Serum galectin-9 but not urine galectin-9 was higher in patients with active as compared to inactive lupus (12.9 - active renal, 16.7 - active non-renal vs 3.57 µg/mL, p = .04 and .005). Serum CXCL-10 (0.16 vs 0.05, p = .01) and urine CXCL-10 (0 vs 0, p = .01) were both significantly higher in the SLE group as compared with HC. Serum but not urine CXCL-10 was higher in the active as compared to inactive lupus (0.2 - active renal, 0.3 - active non-renal vs 0.08 µg/mL, p = .9 and .02). Serum galectin-9 showed a modest correlation with CXCL-10 0.4 (0.2-0.6), whereas none was found between their urine levels.Serum galectin-9 and CXCL-10 showed a moderate positive correlation with SLEDAI 2K. Serum galectin-9 showed a greater AUC than CXCL-10 (0.77 vs 0.67) in differentiating active from inactive SLE, and both tested together had the best AUC of 0.82. However, urinary levels had no association with SLEDAI 2K or renal SLEDAI. In a subset of patients with active renal disease, serum galectin-9 but not urine levels declined significantly after 6 months.CONCLUSION:
Serum galectin-9 is a good marker of lupus activity; however, it does not differentiate between active renal and active non-renal disease. It performs slightly better than CXCL-10. Urinary galectin-9 does not reflect renal activity.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Galectinas
/
Quimiocina CXCL10
/
Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article